The Wright Brothers Famous Quotes

The Wright Brothers Famous Quotes On December 17, 1903, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wrightâ successfully tried a flying machine that took off with its own capacity, flew at even speeds, at that point landed securely without harm and began the time of human flight. The year prior to, the siblings tried out various airplane, wing plans, lightweight flyers, and propellers so as to comprehend the complexities of optimal design and ideally make a fueled specialty fit for delayed flight. All through this procedure, Orville and Wilbur recorded a considerable lot of their most noteworthy statements in the scratch pad they kept and talks with they made at that point. From Orvilles contemplations on expectation and living to the two siblings understandings of what they found during their investigations, the accompanying statements embody the rush the Wright siblings felt while making, at that point flying, the principal self-moved plane. Orville Wright on Dreams, Hope, and Life The craving to fly is a thought passed on to us by ourâ ancestorsâ who, in their tiresome goes across trackless grounds in ancient occasions, looked jealously on the fowls taking off openly through. Theâ airplane stays upâ because it doesnt have the opportunity to fall. No flying machine will ever fly from New York to Paris†¦[because] no realized engine can run at the imperative speed for four days ceaselessly. On the off chance that feathered creatures can skim for significant stretches of time, then†¦ why cant I? On the off chance that we chipped away at the suspicion that what is acknowledged as evident truly is valid, at that point there would be little trust ahead of time. We were sufficiently fortunate to experience childhood in a domain where there was in every case a lot of support to kids to seek after scholarly premiums; to explore whatever stirred interest. Orville Wright on Their Flight Experiments In our coasting tests, we had various encounters in which we had arrived upon one wing, however the devastating of the wing had assimilated the stun with the goal that we were not uncomfortable with the engine in the event of an arrival of that sort. With all the information and ability procured in a large number of trips over the most recent ten years, I would scarcely consider today making my first trip on an unusual machine in a 27-mile twist, regardless of whether I realized that the machine had just been flown and was sheltered. Isnt it astounding that every one of these mysteries have been protected for such a large number of years to make sure we could find them! The course of the trip here and there was exceedingly unpredictable, incompletely because of the abnormality of the air, and somewhat to absence of involvement with taking care of this machine. The control of the front rudder was troublesome by virtue of its being adjusted too close to the middle. At the point when the machine had been attached with a wire to theâ track so it couldn't begin until discharged by the administrator, and the engine had been raced to ensure that it was in condition, we flipped a coin to conclude who ought to have the main preliminary. Wilbur won. With 12 horsepowerâ at our order, we thought about that we could allow the heaviness of the machine withâ an operatorâ to ascend to 750 or 800 pounds, and still have as much overflow power as we had initially took into account in the main gauge of 550 pounds. Wilbur Wright on Their Flying Experiments There is no game equivalent to that which pilots appreciate while being brought through the air on incredible white wings. More than all else the sensation is one of immaculate harmony blended with an energy that strains each nerve to the most extreme on the off chance that you can think about such a mix. I am a lover, yet not a wrench as in I have some pet speculations with respect to the correct development of a flying machine. I wish to benefit myself of all that is now known and afterward, if conceivable, include my parasite to help the future laborer who will achieve last achievement. We could barely stand by to get up toward the beginning of the day. I admit that in 1901, I said to my sibling Orville that man would not fly for a long time. The way that the incredible researcher put stock in flying machines was the one thing that urged us to start our examinations. It is conceivable to fly without engines, however not without information and aptitude. The craving to fly is a thought passed on to us by our progenitors who...looked desirously on the fowls taking off uninhibitedly through space...on the vast thruway of the air. Men become insightful similarly as they become rich, more by what they spare than by what they get.

Human Rights in World Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Rights in World Politics - Essay Example The avoidance of social and political gatherings as focuses of destruction in legitimate meaning of slaughter has been discussed. A few students of history and sociologists frequently allude to social and political gatherings while examining about slaughter. Be that as it may, the by and large acknowledged thought on decimation is the, it is the intentional obliteration of a social character (Genocide). The term annihilation ought to be re-imagined to incorporate littler gatherings as opposed to national gatherings with bigger populace. Segregation or expected killings of little gatherings as indicated by their race, ethnic foundation or even strict convictions, regardless of whether propagated by individual or inconsequential gatherings ought to be remembered for the setting of slaughter. As history had appeared, killings on disastrous extent for the most part began in unchecked and irrelevant killings on lesser degree that later in the long run heighten to a full-promise destruction. With the end goal for annihilation to create, the accompanying conditions must be available: arrangement, symbolization, dehumanization, association, polarization, planning, killing, and forswearing. Characterization happens when societies recognize individuals into 'us' and 'others' putting together with respect to just on race, religion, nationality, or ethnic foundation with further naming to such orders, along these lines symbolization emerges.

The Life Philosophy Of Friedrich Nietzsche Essays (1823 words)

The Life Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche annon Conceived: 1844. Rocken, Germany Kicked the bucket: 1900. Weimar, Germany Significant Works: The Gay Science (1882), Subsequently Spoke Zarathustra (1883-1885), Past Good Evil (1886), On the Genealogy of Morals (1887), Significant IDEAS Self double dealing is an especially damaging quality of West Culture. Life is The Will To Power; our characteristic want is to command and reshape the world to accommodate our own inclinations and state our own solidarity to the fullest degree conceivable. Battle, through which people accomplish a level of intensity comparable with their capacities, is the fundamental reality of human presence. Beliefs of human equity propagate average quality - a reality that has been twisted and hidden by present day esteem frameworks. Christian ethical quality, which recognizes goodness with submission and servility is the prime guilty party in making a social atmosphere that upsets the drive for greatness and self acknowledgment God is dead; another time of human inventiveness and accomplishment is at hand. - Great Thinkers In The Western World. By: Ian P. McGreal, 1992 Introduction Much data is accessible on Mr. Friedrich Nietzsche, including numerous books that he kept in touch with himself, during his philosophical vocation. I took this as a decent sign I would discover a wellspring of edified material created by the man. I've needed to experience my very own touch philosophical reflections to put my own worth decisions aside, and really search for the commitments Nietzsche provided for reasoning. Quite a bit of my comprehension came simply after I had a grip of Neitzsche's history; consequently, I urge you to peruse up on his history before jumping into his way of thinking (see Appendix I). The present day Westerner may differ with each part of his way of thinking, yet there are numerous things one should sadly concede are valid (just in the event that you set your ethical quality aside). In this way, from here, I will introduce his commitments to theory, and give a valiant effort to erase my own conclusions, other than to state that he was not the picked subject of this paper out of any appreciation. THE PHILOSOPHY OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE Now and again reasoning is called ageless, suggesting that it's exercises are of incentive to any age. This might be difficult to see in Nietzsche's work; in any case, we are guaranteed that it was proper idea for his time. Notwithstanding, even Nietzsche's faultfinders concede that his words hold an evident truth, as hard for what it's worth to acknowledge. Maybe this is the reason his work is ageless, and has endure 150 years in print. Christianity God is Dead! reported Zarathustra (better known as Zoroaster), in Neitzsche's proudest book, Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883-1885). In contrast to numerous savants, Nietzsche never attempted to demonstrate or invalidate the presence of God, simply that confidence in God can make infection; and to persuade that most elevated accomplishments in human life depend on disposal of God. Regardless of whether God existed had no importance in his objective. Announcement of the demise of God was a principal fixing in the revaluation of qualities Nietzsche pushed. Nothing has accomplished more than Christianity to settle in the profound quality of unremarkableness in human cognizance. Christian love praises characteristics of shortcoming; it causes blame. Good cause is simply educating disdain and vengeance coordinated toward honorability. Faith in God is a device to carry accommodation to the person of honorable character. - F. Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra. Saint Morality Nietzsche had a perfect world as a main priority, with a perfect government and a perfect God: the Overman or Superman. These Gods were a result of normal determination, or social Darwinism. He felt, unequivocally, that any sort of good impediments upon man would just substitute the method of The Overman. The Will To Power, his most grounded instructing, implied that The Overman ought to and would do anything conceivable to pick up force, control and quality. In the event that one demonstrated the littlest piece of shortcoming or ethical quality, he would be slaughtered by the more grounded Overman, and dominated. In this way, the progression of The Master Race (Nietzsche's Master Race will be talked about later). Not humankind, however superman is the objective. The absolute last thing a reasonable man would attempt is improve humanity: humankind doesn't improve, it doesn't exist - - it is a deliberation. ... his superman as the individual rising dubiously out of the soil of mass average quality, and owing his reality more to think rearing and cautious support than to the perils of characteristic determination. Ace Race Nietzsche is frequently alluded to as a pre-Nazi mastermind, by his optimism of The Master Race. He was, actually, a prime impact on the composing of Hitler's most elevated men, and cited in Hitler's talks. In any case, his works were for the most part taken outside of any relevant connection to the issue at hand, since he

Marketing Essays Red Bull

Advertising Essays Red Bull Chapter by chapter guide Presentation Red Bull and Marketing Theory Presentation Market Entry Market Strategy Advertising Communications Organization Analysis Investigative Methods Organization Sales and Diversification Qualities Shortcomings Openings Dangers Ends Eventual fate of Red Bull and Recommendations References Presentation Red Bull has made a solid brand picture, utilizing bright symbol with two bulls in restriction and an important slogan; ‘Red Bull gives you wings’. Through inventive showcasing and sponsorship it has connected itself with extraordinary games, creative music and workmanship, all pointed soundly at the youth advertise (Dahlen, Lange and Smith, 2010). This brief looks at brand advancement, which methodologies have helped it to progress and where the brand goes from here as it faces the possibility of losing its front line picture while proceeding to a great extent with just a single item. Red Bull is an European example of overcoming adversity. The item was propelled in 1987 in Austria. It confronted restriction from the Food and Drink Administration (FDA), who wouldn't clear it for conveyance however in spite of this it turned into an underground accomplishment through clubbers and snowboarders. This rebellious position discovered collaboration with customers, significantly after it was cleared available to be purchased. It immediately spread into neighboring nations and into the US advertise (Franzen and Moriarty, 2009). Dahlen, Lange and Smith (2010) note that by 2004, it had increased 40% portion of its market part and 70% in Europe. Be that as it may, the brand still confronted issues; it was prohibited in Denmark and France following unconfirmed bits of gossip that individuals had kicked the bucket from drinking the item in Sweden and Ireland (Mail Online, 2001). The European market was deteriorating, and it confronted circulation issues from organizations supporting their own-image items. The ever-present rivalry from Pepsi and Coca-Cola constrained the extension for development. With these weights, the organization built up a showcasing technique that kept away from standard publicizing, rather concentrating on grass-roots advancement. The item was sold in stylish clubs and bars, and the believability of those held in high respect by the youthful objective crowd, for example, DJs (Boswijk, Thijssen and Peelen, 2007). Brand instruction was given by prominent visits to places where the organization felt individuals ‘might need a lift’. Models incorporate workplaces, building locales and carports. So called Red Bull wholesalers misused their neighborhood information to help sell the brand and its items. It terms of more prominent promoting, Red Bull has essentially centered around keeping up its connections with outrageous games. It supports two Formula One groups (Red Bull and Toro Rosso), just as snowboarding, kite-boarding, surfing and airplane hustling. These underline its pledge to its young, fiery objective crowd. The following piece of the brief inspects how its promoting procedure fits into contemporary showcasing hypothesis. Red Bull and Marketing Theory Presentation Red Bull is basically a one-item brand, offered at a top notch cost in its market segment. Having begun in Austria, it immediately spread to different markets counting the USA and has become the market chief in its segment. It utilizes a novel way to deal with showcasing, which is talked about later in this area. In wording of the customary 4Ps of showcasing, thusly, the organization is anything but difficult to sort. In any case, the 4P strategy has gotten analysis as being to some degree constrained (Lee, 2001), and along these lines the organization is analyzed from various viewpoints in this segment, beginning with advertise section. Market Entry Any new organization needs to decide how they plan to enter another market. This will be predicated by various factors, for example, the accessible assets, the deals destinations, item offered and existing rivalry (Fifield, 1998). On account of Red Bull, the dispatch of the new item settled another classification of item; that of caffeinated drinks. Gotten from an idea found by Dietrich Mateschitz in the Far East, the equation created included enormous measures of caffeine, sugars (glucose and sucrose) and taurine (Red Bull, 2014). Taurine is a ‘conditional amino acid’, which implies it can't be made by the body however should be given in the eating regimen. It is found in meat and fish (WebMD, 2014). It is utilized medicinally in the treatment of congestive cardiovascular breakdown, hypertension, elevated cholesterol and diabetes, among different conditions, and it is available in baby equations. Taken together with the different fixings, Red Bull asserts that it gives a jolt of energy (Red Bull, 2014). Since no comparative sort of item existed available, there was no immediate contender. As a pioneer, the organization needed to instruct its intended interest group on the product’s benefits. In the event that a mass market section approach is utilized, this can be incredibly costly (Hill and Jones, 2012), since clients must be persuaded that the new item is sheltered, has special advantages and is socially worthy. As opposed to endeavoring to do this for a huge scope, Red Bull embraced a novel strategy dependent on presenting the item at a grass roots level. It is advanced as an in vogue drink at occasions where its primary objective crowd accumulates; dance club, outrageous games and even gatherings. In the last mentioned, it urges understudies to set up Red Bull parties and furnishes them with free jars to appropriate to their companions. The organization additionally utilizes vehicles in the corporate shading plan †together with an enormous can †which give out special examples (Onkvisit and Shaw, 2009). At first, circulation is set up utilizing little wholesalers. Sometimes, the organization has recruited distribution centers what's more, set up youngsters to forcefully sell the item (Pride and O’Ferrell, 2006). To the extent can be resolved from the accessible writing, this approach is probably going to keep on being utilized in tending to new markets in future. Market Strategy Its picked technique has prompted solid informal deals in new markets, and this gives a springboard to assist accomplishment in those business sectors. As it develops, it puts further in making occasions, for example, the Flugtag, where contenders endeavor to fly from a wharf utilizing natively constructed, unpowered airplane †the vast majority of which are unequipped for flight, and soapbox dashing (Red Bull, 2014a). This draws the two contenders and crowds. The majority of the occasions the organization supports are progressively proficient in nature and spread an expanding scope of exercises, from fantastic air dashing utilizing stunt planes, to bluff plunging, wingsuit dashing, motorsports and undertakings. The organization has even moved into PC gaming and e-sports. The highlights that are basic to all of these exercises are their fascination in their intended interest group and their physical and mental prerequisites. Having distinguished this methodology, the organization gives off an impression of being quick to keep on abusing it. While considering the market situating of the Red Bull caffeinated drink, it nearly gives the idea that it has emerged naturally from the properties of the item; it bolsters physical and mental effort and in this way the market position underpins this. Notwithstanding, this gives a false representation of is supported by sharp physical and mental situating. The physical situating alludes to the product’s extraordinary attributes (it gives vitality from its one of a kind equation) and the mental situating gets from its image picture as being young and vivacious, and socially attractive to its twenty-something main fans (Lantos, 2011). From its unique item offering (one item), the organization has added a little to its portfolio through the presentation of Red Bull sans sugar, Red Bull zero-calories, Red Bull versions (in kinds of cranberry, lime and blueberry) and Red Bull cola. The cola is advanced similar to the main cola drink made from 100% common fixings and presents the defense that, not at all like different brands that may be referenced, it has no mystery equation. The organization follows a similar fundamental marking approach for these extra items, probably in light of the fact that they will speak to subsets of their current objective crowd. Advertising Communications Anyway amazing a brand is, it has no worth except if it can convey its interesting qualities to the buyer. On this premise, Red Bull has a profoundly powerful advertising correspondences approach, it is as of now perceived as the 74th most important brand on the planet, with an estimation of $7.5 billion USD (Forbes, 2014). From grass roots advertising, nowadays the brand is progressively perceived through its sponsorship activities. This is upheld up with a solid online nearness that firmly mirrors the brand picture and gives a type of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC). The organization sees current correspondences media as being basic to their prosperity (Kotler and Keller, 2012). The explanation Red Bull has made such progress has been that it has effectively adjusted its image personality to that of its intended interest group in a manner not accomplished by its rivals (Urbany and Davis, 2010). In any event, when it utilizes conventional showcasing media, for example, TV, it does as such in an eccentric manners that doesn't pay attention to itself as well. In doing so it keeps up the picture that interests to its clients. It is this consistancy of message that is so essential to IMC. Whatever channel is utilized to get the message over, it must be equivalent to those utilized on elective channels. Computerized media gives an undeniably significant technique for speaking with purchasers, and Red Bull has distinguished this. Just as having a solid site that centers around the sponsorship exercises it is engaged with, it likewise gives connects to web based life sites, for example, Facebook, Twitter, Google+ what's more, You Tube. These destinations provid

Human After All

Human After All If you had a rabid enough interest in MIT and resided in the Chesapeake area, you were given a bit of a treat on Monday night. Several people affiliated with MIT put on a live webcast from 77 Massachusetts Avenue, including this guy, who took to answering tons of probing questions. I know, I know, youre probably going crazy right now real live people! From MIT! Talking to other people! With cameras! And chat rooms! Its almost like were not crippled by our social awkwardness! I may be being a little bold with this whole idea, but theres a whole lot of our reputation that gets thrown around about people affiliated with MIT. Most of it is flattering, sure though depending on who you are, that Sheldon Cooper-esque level of social awkwardness isnt but even some of that praise verges on being hyperbole. So let me clear up a few misconceptions. And a totally exaggerated position, just to start. Regarding the myth that, as soon as some student sets foot here, he or she can suddenly manipulate atoms and stuff to make things explode using only sheer power of will, I need to set the record straight: that hasnt happened. And it wasnt a requirement to get here in the first place. But what about those other qualities that arent that mythical? What about the other measurable criteria that supposedly raise ones chances of admission, those benchmarks of so-called genius, of academic demigod-ness? What about SAT scores? AP/IB scores? Grades? Class rank? Number of baskets woven underwater? Extracurriculars? Sports? Number of non-profit organizations founded and established? Types of classes taken? And the 6.02 x 10^23 papers that had to have been published for any prospective student to stand even a ghost of a chance of getting in? Dear God, thats even Avogadros number! What if that final published papers count isnt Avogadros number? Will it mean some applicant isnt geeky enough?! I mean, with a place like this, theres got to be some cutoff, right?! Okay. Inhale. Exhale. Let me lay down some true facts here. People at MIT may make a lot of robots here, and there may be a bunch of people into electrical engineering and computer science, but that doesnt spill over into admissions; theres a patently human process behind selecting a freshman class. Getting into college isnt just an optimization problem, where you as an applicant maximize your chances of success by adhering to a set of guidelines as a passionless means to an end nor is it, for that matter, a question of finding how low the bar is set and simply limping over it to gain admission. The biggest implication this has: there isnt really such thing as a cutoff score, as the webcast hosts for Chesapeake said last night. Thats why people look at everything. Which brings me back to, you know, that human element. Its something that I see even in the very walls of MIT. I know more people here who wrestle a bit with p-sets and seek help than people who soak up knowledge like a sponge and know the answers to everything. Ive met musicians, dancers, screenwriters, community service activists, student advocates, athletes, and even Facebook stalkers in the student body; all of these people had multidimensional personalities that transcended just academics. I know that one of my TAs gets a kick out of seeing me mix QED with some excited exclamations. I know that my physics professor has an unhealthy obsession with pizza, and that my math professor is quite skilled at drawing goats and triangles with ears. And of the people who go to MIT right now, I know Im in the same boat, because I didnt become a super-genius overnight, let alone at all. In honor of my 19th birthday (today!), Ive been holding a p-set party for myself thats lasted about 3 to 4 days. Sounds like fun, right? But yeah, at the moment, Ive been the only one invited to this very exclusive party. Its interrupted by classes and a few study breaks, but other than that, its been a lot of me slogging through assignments, not getting every question that comes my way, and making a note of things that Id have to discuss with other people which I then do. Often. In everything from physics to philosophical issues in brain science its all getting done, in short but furious bursts of work. If you took academic measurements of each person involved with MIT, youd probably see a bunch of intelligent people. But what about the quirks? No formula, no algorithm is sensitive to that. No formulas could predict what motivates you, what constitutes your passions. No formula could say with 100% certainty what youd do in the face of serious academic challenges, which youll most likely encounter over here. Heck, through just a few snapshots of the students and people here, youd find way more than statistics. I know senior year, laden down and unduly burdened by the college applications process, is just one red-hot pressure cooker made worse by ones anxieties and pressure from others. But before you let it get to you, remember: youre just human, and though it seems like every other alumni from here isnt, so are the people here including the admissions staff. People who go here just happen to be dedicated and driven, but if youre very interested in MIT, odds are that applies to you, too. So the best thing you can do is breathe deeply and concentrate on your passions. Let your inner genius and passion shine through in this process; let the curious, childlike persona that you keep inside the one who explores what motivates you, the one who sees nothing but opportunity take control. (Just dont let said persona write any letters backwards on your essays.) And above all, good luck!

GRE vocab and the limits of memorizing definitions

Update to this post: Ive now put a few sample exercises that approach GRE vocab prep from the ETS-based perspective outlined in this post. You can find them on the Quizzes page. More to come soon. Ive spent some time recently investigating the world of GRE ® prep, and Ive learned a few things that really surprised me. When I started reworking my old SAT ® vocab material for prospective graduate students, I more or less assumed that the GRE prep world was similar to the SAT world: that is, there was a relatively cohesive network of independent tutors who shared tips, strategies, materials, etc., as well as established, well-trafficked online forums à   la College Confidential where students applying to Masters and Ph.D. programs regularly congregated. In poking around the web and talking to current/former GRE takers, however, Ive gotten the impression that prep for this exam is a different story entirely. College seniors or recent graduates often take the exam before they know for sure whether they want to apply to grad school and, as a result, tend to have much less specific score goals. They know they should prep, and so they dutifully sign up for a class with one of the big companies but dont end up learning much. Even if they want a private tutor, theyre not entirely sure where or how to find a good one. There arent many smaller companies or private tutors that really specialize in the GRE why would there be, when the undergraduate market is so much larger and more lucrative? so mostly they just forget about it and just hope for the best. Then there are test-takers who have been out of school for years and are only returning after a long hiatus. They dont really have the time or the desire to seriously prep they might get a book, but for the most part, the test is just a seemingly meaningless hoop to jump through. And of course there (usually) arent parents in the background, passing around tutor names or recommending prep books out to their friends. The network just isnt there. In short, its a more diverse, less focused group, with a much broader set of goals. I realize that this is a rather long preamble to this post, but Im going somewhere, so please bear with me for a moment. Because the GRE-prep process tends to be approached more casually than the SAT-prep process (or even the GMAT-prep process), there are fewer resources devoted to helping students understand the GRE as a test. More specifically, as an ETS test. This is not a minor point. Ive been checking out vocabulary resources, for example, and although there are some great, very cleverly designed ones for learning vocabulary, they overwhelmingly focus on helping students memorize definitions. In some instances, they might include synonyms, but that isnt their main focus. On the surface, there would seem to be nothing wrong with that. After all, you cant answer vocabulary questions without knowing vocabulary! And there are plenty of high-quality lists, with words culled directly from exams. All that is true, but there are some significant shortcomings to that approach. One is obviously that words are tested in the context of sentences and short passages, and thus draw on a whole host of reading comprehension skills, but since Ive discussed that in the past (see preceding link), I actually want to address two other issues here. Let me start with the following observation: Succeeding on GRE vocabulary is not just about knowing the definitions of GRE words rather, it is about knowing GRE words in relation to other GRE words. This is best illustrated with an example.   Say youre working through a confusing sentence equivalence and encounter the following set of answer choices: [A] effusive [B] platitudinous [C] impetuous [D] banal [E] abstruse [F] exiguous You knock out a few answers and are left with platitudinous, banal, and exiguous, whose meaning you’re not sure of. You’ve studied all other the words, though, carefully memorizing their definitions. You’ve learned that platitudinous means â€Å"a clichà © statement expressed as if it were new† and that banal means â€Å"overly familiar.† You sit and think: those are kind of the same thing, but you’re not totally sure, and exiguous sort of sounds like it could be right too. You stare at the question, turning the options over in your mind. Eventually you decide that since [B] and [D] seem pretty close, you don’t want to take the risk, and so you go ahead and pick [F]. As it turns out, you’re right, but you’ve just expended a lot of time and mental energy on a question that you could have answered in about two seconds had you known that platitudinous and banal belong to ETS’s roster of about 10 synonyms for â€Å"unoriginal† that get mixed and matched from test to test (and that, incidentally, could easily apply to ETSs process of test-creation as well). If you know this, there is no need to worry about connotations or dictionary definitions or anything else. And if you spot any two of those synonyms on a sentence equivalence, you know that there’s a really, really good chance that they’re correct – even if you don’t understand what the sentence is saying. This is why it’s so important to understand the test as a creation specific to ETS which is precisely what most GRE vocabulary prep omits. Yes, of course, any prep book worth its weight will emphasize that correct answers to sentence equivalences do not need to be exact synonyms, and that these questions may also include incorrect pairs of synonyms/similar words to trick test-takers. But thats not what Im talking about here. What I mean is that ETS has a proclivity (aka a penchant, aka a predilection) for sentences that describe prose as spare, or that the opposite of cosmopolitan is most likely going to be either parochial or provincial or insular, or that the three close synonyms of maudlin are mawkish and treacly and cloying. Which leads me to my next point: top word lists. To be clear, there is no fixed number of words that a given student needs to memorize. It really depends on pre-existing vocabulary knowledge. But even in the best word lists, the ones compiled directly from tests, there is a notable lack of distinction between high-frequency hard words and the outlier hard words that appear only occasionally. For example, theres nothing to tell someone using the Magoosh app (sorry Magoosh!) that quisling probably stands a much lower chance of showing up on any given exam than does, say, bucolic or obdurate. (To be fair, it is possible that there is a list that makes this distinction; I just personally havent come across it.) And a lot of ETS greatest hits dont show up until the very top level of hard words (kind of a shocker), which means that a lot of people using the app might not even get to them. The bottom line is the because of the way most vocabulary prep is structured, most people end up studying the material on the test but not really studying the test itself. Its a subtle but exceedingly important distinction, and I think it has an outsize importance for adult test-takers. Many people applying to graduate school have jobs and family responsibilities and bills to pay and, as a result, limited amounts of time to study for standardized tests. It is hugely in their interest to be able to prep as efficiently as possible. Ive really just started thinking about these things in the last few days, but its prompted me to want to write some additional (free) exercises that bring GRE-vocab study into alignment with the specific ways in which top words are actually tested on the exam, as well as the specific comprehension skills that are targeted. Ill try to put some up this week; if anyone has requests for things theyd like to see, feel free to drop me a line.

Francis Marion, The Swamp Fox

A prominent American officer during the American Revolution, Brigadier General Francis Marion played a key role in the wars southern campaigns and earned the moniker The Swamp Fox for his exploits as a guerilla leader. His military career began with the militia in the French and Indian War during which he fought the Cherokees on the frontier. When the war with Britain began, Marion received a commission in the Continental Army and helped defend Charleston, SC. With the citys loss in 1780, he commenced a career as a highly effective guerilla leader that saw him employ hit and run tactics to win numerous victories over the British. Early Life and Career Francis Marion was born around 1732 on his family plantation in Berkeley County, South Carolina. The youngest son of Gabriel and Esther Marion, he was a small and restless child. At age six, his family moved to a plantation in St. George so that the children could attend school in Georgetown, SC. At the age of fifteen, Marion embarked on a career as a sailor. Joining the crew of a schooner bound for the Caribbean, the voyage ended when the ship sank, reportedly due to being struck by a whale. Adrift in a small boat for a week, Marion and the other surviving crew finally reached the shore. French and Indian War Electing to remain on land, Marion began working on his familys plantations. With the French and Indian War raging, Marion joined a militia company in 1757 and marched to defend the frontier. Serving as a lieutenant under Captain William Moultrie, Marion took part in a brutal campaign against the Cherokees. In the course of the fighting, he took note of Cherokee tactics which emphasized concealment, ambush, and utilization of terrain to gain an advantage. Returning home in 1761, he began saving money to purchase his own plantation. American Revolution In 1773, Marion achieved his goal when he bought a plantation on the Santee River about four miles north of Eutaw Springs which he dubbed Pond Bluff. Two years later, he was elected to the South Carolina Provincial Congress which advocated for colonial self-determination. With the outbreak of the American Revolution, this body moved to create three regiments. As these formed, Marion received a commission as a captain in the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. Commanded by Moultrie, the regiment was assigned to the Charleston defenses and worked to build Fort Sullivan. With the completion of the fort, Marion and his men took part in the defense of the city during the Battle of Sullivans Island on June 28, 1776. In the fighting, a British invasion fleet led by Admiral Sir Peter Parker and Major General Henry Clinton attempted to enter the harbor and was repulsed by Fort Sullivans guns. For his part in the fighting, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army. Remaining at the fort for the next three years, Marion worked to train his men before joining the failed Siege of Savannah in the fall of 1779. Going Guerilla Returning to Charleston, he fortuitously broke his ankle in March 1780 after jumping from a second-story window in an effort to escape a bad dinner party. Directed by his doctor to recuperate at his plantation, Marion was not in the city when it fell to the British in May. Following subsequent American defeats at Moncks Corner and Waxhaws, Marion formed a small unit of between 20-70 men to harass the British. Joining Major General Horatio Gates army, Marion and his men were effectively dismissed and ordered scout the Pee Dee area. As a result, he missed Gates stunning defeat at the Battle of Camden on August 16. Operating independently, Marions men scored their first major success shortly after Camden when they ambushed a British camp and liberated 150 American prisoners at Great Savannah. Striking elements of the 63rd Regiment of Foot at dawn, Marion routed the enemy on August 20. Employing hit-and-run tactics and ambushes, Marion quickly became a master of guerilla warfare using Snow Island as a base. As the British moved to occupy South Carolina, Marion relentlessly attacked their supply lines and isolated outposts before escaping back into the regions swamps. Responding to this new threat, the British commander, Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis, directed Loyalist militia to pursue Marion but to no avail. Routing the Enemy Additionally, Cornwallis ordered Major James Wemyss of the 63rd to pursue Marions band. This effort failed and the brutal nature of Wemyss campaign led many in the area to join the Marion. Moving sixty miles east to Ports Ferry on the Peedee River in early September, Marion soundly defeated a superior force of Loyalists at Blue Savannah on September 4. Later that month, he engaged Loyalists led by Colonel John Coming Ball at Black Mingo Creek. Though an attempt at a surprise attack failed, Marion pressed his men forward and in the resulting battle were able to force the Loyalists from the field. In the course of the fighting, he captured Balls horse which he would ride for the rest of the war. Continuing his guerilla operations in October, Marion rode from Ports Ferry with the goal of defeating a body of Loyalist militia led by Lieutenant Colonel Samuel Tynes. Finding the enemy at Tearcoat Swamp, he advanced at midnight on October 25/26 after learning that the enemy defenses were lax.  Using similar tactics to Black Mingo Creek, Marion split his command into three forces with one each attacking from the left and right while he led a detachment in the center. Signaling the advance with his pistol, Marion led his men forward and swept the Loyalists from the field. The battle saw the Loyalists suffer six killed, fourteen wounded, and 23 captured. The Swamp Fox With the defeat of Major Patrick Fergusons force at the Battle of Kings Mountain on October 7, Cornwallis became increasingly concerned about Marion. As a result, he dispatched the feared Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton to destroy Marions command. Known for laying waste to the landscape, Tarleton received intelligence regarding Marions location. Closing on Marions camp, Tarleton pursued the American leader for seven hours and across 26 miles before breaking off the pursuit in the swampy territory and stating, As for this damned old fox, the Devil himself could not catch him. Final Campaigns Tarletons moniker quickly stuck and soon Marion was known widely as the Swamp Fox. Promoted to brigadier general in the South Carolina militia, he began working with the new Continental commander in the region, Major General Nathanael Greene. Building a mixed brigade of cavalry and infantry he conducted a failed attack on Georgetown, SC in conjunction with Lieutenant Colonel Henry Light Horse Harry Lee in January 1781. Continuing to defeat the Loyalist and British forces sent after him, Marion won victories at Forts Watson and Motte that spring. The latter was captured in conjunction with Lee after a four-day siege. As 1781 progressed, Marions brigade fell under the command of Brigadier General Thomas Sumter. Working with Sumter, Marion took part in a fight against the British at Quinbys Bridge in July. Forced to withdraw, Marion split from Sumter and won a skirmish at Parkers Ferry the following month. Moving to unite with Greene, Marion commanded the combined North and South Carolina militia at the Battle of Eutaw Springs on September 8. Elected to the state senate, Marion left his brigade later that year to take his seat at Jacksonboro. Poor performance from his subordinates required him to return to command in January 1782. Later Life Marion was re-elected to the state senate in 1782 and 1784. In the years after the war, he generally supported a lenient policy toward the remaining Loyalists and opposed laws intended to strip them of their property. As a gesture of recognition for his services during the conflict, the state of South Carolina appointed him to command Fort Johnson. Largely a ceremonial post, it brought with it an annual stipend of $500 which aided Marion in rebuilding his plantation. Retiring to Pond Bluff, Marion married his cousin, Mary Esther Videau, and later served at the 1790 South Carolina constitutional convention. A supporter of the federal union, he died at Pond Bluff on February 27, 1795.

Graphic Organizers in Special Ed Classrooms

Special education students often need support in organizing their thoughts and completing multi-stage tasks. Children with sensory processing issues, autism or dyslexia can easily become overwhelmed by the prospect of writing a short essay or even answering questions about material they have read. Graphic organizers  can be effective ways to  help typical and atypical learners alike. The visual presentation is a unique way to show students the material they are learning, and can appeal to those who are not auditory learners. They also make it easy for you as a teacher to assess and understand their thinking skills. How to Choose a Graphic Organizer Find a graphic organizer thats best suited to the lesson youll teach. Below are typical examples of graphic organizers, along with with links to PDFs that you can print out. KWL Chart   KWL stands for know, want to know and learn. Its an easy-to-use chart that helps students brainstorm information for essay questions or reports. Use it before, during and after the lesson to allow students to measure their success. Theyll be amazed by how much theyve learned. Venn Diagram Adapt this mathematical diagram to highlight similarities between two things. For back to school, use it to talk about how two students spent their summer vacations. Or, turn it upside down and use the kinds of vacations—camping, visiting grandparents, going to the beach—to identify students who have things in common. Double Cell Venn Also known as a double bubble chart, this Venn diagram is adapted to describe the similarities and differences in characters in a story. Its designed to help students compare and contrast. Concept Web You may have hear concept webs called story maps. Use them to help students break down the components of a story they have read. Use an organizer to track elements such as the characters, setting, problems or solutions. This is a particularly adaptable organizer.   For example, put a character in the center and use it to map the attributes of the character. A problem in the plot can be in the center, with the different ways characters try to solve the problem. Or simply label the center beginning and have the students list the premise of the story: where it takes place, who are the characters, when is the action of the story set.   Sample Agenda Type List For children for whom remaining at task is an ongoing problem, dont underestimate the simple effectiveness of an agenda. Laminate a copy and have her affix it to her desk. For an extra boost to visual learners, use images to augment the words on the planner. (This one can help teachers, too!)

What Is The Controversy Behind Involvement - 824 Words

The Controversy Behind Involvement Franklin Delano Roosevelt once said that America ‘must be the great Arsenal of Democracy. For us, this is an emergency as serious as war itself. We must apply ourselves to our task with the same resolution, the same sense of urgency, the same spirit of patriotism and sacrifice as we would show were we at war.’ Meaning that America should use their workforce to have an impact on a war that supports the protection of the ideals of democracy. That we must come together to protect what we believe is morally correct and to protect those who are vulnerable to oppression.This hasnt been the only time that we’ve seen America at ‘war’ for a more noble cause. Years ago, Woodrow Wilson claimed that ‘The†¦show more content†¦Most people think.â€Å"Oh, it’s 2017 slavery’s been abolished† but unfortunately there are more than enough countries fighting for rights that we see as basic. I believe that America’s ro le should be interfering with these impoverished areas. These are the types of emergencies that hurt countries, communities, and people and they should be confronted with the United States developing a plan to battle the abuse without the expense of others. Beforehand, Americans have to be educated on these matters and understand how serious the cause is. Then to actually come up and execute a plan without violence. I recently saw a video from Jimmy Kimmel entitled â€Å"How many Americans Know Where North Korea Is?† and I was startled to know how little Americans knew about the nuclear issue let alone the location between the U.S. and North Korea. But mainly all these contestants had something in common: most wanted war. America’s role shouldn’t be resolving issues with war, but our goal should be reaching out to others. Lending a hand to these countries who are encountering several obstacles that our ancestors faced. To be â€Å"the arsenal of democracy† means to be the example when serious issues arise. At home, I view civil rights as a very important issue in America. serious issues that need our attention are racism and discrimination. For me, racism and discrimination have taken it to a whole new level up due to the enormous Trump supporters coming out toShow MoreRelatedMedia and The Agenda Setting Theory1337 Words   |  5 Pagessusceptible to the opinion’s of the public. This is especially true in the case of a renowned individual, such as a celebrity or politician. The media’s coverage of the news, prior to a fair hearing, results in public scrutiny of subjects. Media involvement generates public uproar, frequently resulting in the condemning of the accused preceding their right to a fair trial as stated in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. 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This domino effect means exactly like it reads if one country goes the rest will just continue to fall towards communism. Near the beginning the U.S. had very limited involvement and was mainly aiding the French in their efforts to fightRead MoreThe Importance Of Video Games1106 Words   |  5 Pagesfor violence, particularly to the younger generation. Young minds exposed to violence through hours of soaking it in by playing graphic and beyond their age video games can possibly be the explanation of the rising number of crimes, with juvenile involvement. Whether video games are a link to the violence in kids or not is a rising debate between many. Some argue the point that video games are unrelated to the rising amount of violence in the juvenile world. That video games are a much-needed escapeRead MoreThe Problem Of Criminal Behavior876 Words   |  4 Pageshas always focused on criminal behavior due to the age old and debate between nature and nurture. Research has been conducted regarding this debate resulting in that both genes and environment do play a role in the criminality if an individual. Controversy continues to spawn in many scientific disciplines on the topic of heredity and the influence genetics have an overall character of a human being. There are several factors that impact an individual’s destiny it becomes a very apparent that one

Narration, Metaphors, Images and Symbols in One Flew Over...

Narration, Metaphors, Images and Symbols in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest In 1962, when One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest (the Nest), was published, America was at the start of decade that would be characterized by turmoil. Involvement in Vietnam was increasing, civil rights marches were taking place in the south and a new era of sexual promiscuity and drug use was about to come into full swing. Young Americans formed a subgroup in American society that historians termed the â€Å"counterculture†. The Nest is a product of time when it was written. It is anti-authoritarian and tells the tale of a mans rebelling against the establishment. Kesey used metaphor to make a social commentary on the America of the sixties. In this paper I will†¦show more content†¦It is with this paranoid rambling that the reader meets Bromden. As the first chapter progresses we witness more instances of his troubled mind and his way of describing people as part machine, part human. Nurse Ratched is the called the Big Nurse, by Bromden. His description of her is an exa mple of his ability to link people with machines. She slides through the door with a gust of cold...(the) tip of each finger the same color as her lips. Funny orange. Like the tip of a soldering iron. Color so hot or so cold if she touches you with it you cant tell which. (Pg. 4 Kesey). She has the ability, in Bromdens mind, to increase her size. She, blows up bigger and bigger, big as a tractor, so big you can smell the machinery inside the way you smell a motor pulling too big a load. (Pg 5 Kesey). These descriptions of humans who are made part machine, part human allow the reader to get a clearer understanding of Bromdens illness. This, I believe, is a positive aspect of the novel, however there would seem to be, at least one, negative aspect to Keseys choice of narrators. This choice of narrators for Kesey, in my opinion, may be considered troublesome. He seems to ask the reader to trust the voice of a madman. This seems to do anything but create a narrator who is trustworthy. Upon rereading the Nest, I found myself doubting the narrator because he seems to be inconsistent. In the first section of the

“The Adoption Papers” by Jackie Kay Essay Example For Students

â€Å"The Adoption Papers† by Jackie Kay Essay The narrative of Jackie Kay’s life is as intriguing and complex as her literary plant. The comparing is important because several of Kay’s pieces spring from her life and they are all concerned with the intricate nature of individuality. Kay’s male parent was a black Nigerian sing Edinburgh when he met Kay’s white Scottish female parent. After he returned to Nigeria. the female parent discovered she was pregnant and decided to give up the kid. Kay was so adopted by a white Glaswegian twosome with a strong committedness to extremist political relations. As Kay grew up she besides began to place herself as tribade. Kay’s Hagiographas reject easy cliches and challenge readers to reject normative thoughts of racial. sexual. and national individuality. Although a verse form like â€Å"The Adoption Papers† clearly stems from her autobiography. Kay uses life as a get downing land from which to research the broader conditions of multicultural Britain and individuality in general. Rather than a narrow geographic expedition of one alone life. Kay’s work has the power to dispute her readers’ outlooks about the relation of ego to other. Yet even as Kay’s work uncomfortablenesss. it allows many voices to talk in a manner that builds empathy and understanding for characters nevertheless different they may look. By utilizing three voices. the verse form foregrounds the importance of position. so that the reader sees how acceptance affects the three figures in significantly different ways. Kay expresses the birth mother’s hurting of giving up a kid through the contained quatrains. which make the birth female parent seem indifferent but the paranoia of ; â€Å"Maybe the words lie across my brow headline in thin ink MOTHER GIVES BABY AWAY† Shows that she is concealing her hurting. Her sorrow is expressed through the manner she can non drive the idea of her babe out of her head: despite seeking to distance herself from or disinherit her babe the idea evidently still lies at the dorsum of her head. brought across in the manner she relates the ordinary feeling of â€Å"the changeless chug† of the train to â€Å"a swaying cradle† . The birth female parent attempts to maintain these ideas out of her head by believing about other things and the drilling. uninteresting. fiddling things she thinks of like â€Å"I forgot to set sugar in the flask† and the repeat of â€Å"Land moves like goaded cattle† shows that they are merely come uping ideas and that deep down she is believing about her babe. The birth mother’s need to bury about her babe is shown through the image of the birth female parent burying the apparels she bought her babe because it is like she is burying the memory the memory of her kid. The spiritual component of the babe â€Å"Lazarus† and the reading from the â€Å"book of Job† make it more realistic of a existent burial ceremonial. underscoring her demand to bury wholly. The naming of the kid â€Å"Lazarus† . the name of the adult male Jesus raised from the dead. despite the kid being a miss may stand for the birth mother’s deep desire that the inhumed memory of the kid may besides be raised from the dead and the kid will one twenty-four hours come back to her. The adoptive female parent articulates her torment of non being able to give birth and states her defeat with the racism she meets from raising a Black kid in predominately white Glasgow. However. she does non hold to cover with racism in the manner her girl does. The adoptive female parent thinks that racism is â€Å"daft† and refuses to cover with it head on and dismisses it. The difference between the adoptive female parent and the girl is shown through the manner the adoptive mother’s voice seems calmer. written in a looser stanza and in long sentences. The unagitated sentences of the adoptive female parent contrasts with the angry. rushed sentences from the girl Stressing the difference between the two and the discreteness. .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .postImageUrl , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:hover , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:visited , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:active { border:0!important; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:active , .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096 .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufe8065384727bcc81ddf869496bb6096:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Salinity Experiment EssayThe girl is angry at being judged while the adoptive female parent is non. The short sentences. which the girl speaks in. could be to stand for Her age and her choler at being judged or thought of as different. The girl has experienced racism first manus and her short. angry sentences with the boy’s teasing words non in address Markss shows how closely she is effected by the words. The birth female parent has besides experienced racism and negotiations of it with experience and easiness shown through the streamlined poetic imagination used to depict it. At the same clip. the girl conveys the inquiring of ego undergone by the adopted. The verse form emphasizes the thought that the birth tie is non a status of genuineness and that â€Å"all this umbilical knot concern is nonsense† . The usage of multiple voices in â€Å"The Adoption Papers† produces a powerful consequence. bring forthing empathy for all the characters even as. or because their individualities are shown to be unsure. invariably altering. and frequently dependent upon the positions of others. For illustration. the adoptive female parent is dying to conceal marks of her radicalism. her Marxism. and work for the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. lest the following bureau see them as the Markss of unfit parents. Meanwhile the birth female parent wrestlings with her ideas about giving off the kid. Most outstanding are the contemplations of the girl and adoptive female parent as they ponder what counts as a â€Å"real mammy† . As the girl experiences uncertainties about who she is. the female parent must inquire if the procedure of acceptance can place her as a true female parent. As the rubric of the verse form. â€Å"The Adoption Papers† indicates. individuality can mostly be a affair of paperwork. of what is found on paper non in the flesh. The birth female parent marks away her function as female parent – â€Å"my name signed on a flecked line† – and the girl merely gets to cognize her through a trail of paperwork. The adoptive female parent besides realizes† I’m non a mother/ until I’ve signed that piece of paper† . The voices of the societal worker. stating the adoptive female parent that she is non a female parent until she has â€Å"signed that piece of paper† and the boy’s teasing words of â€Å"Sambo sambo† non separated from the daughter’s words by address Markss shows how closely she is effected by the words emphasize that individuality is non what we are born with but what we decide to do it – a manifestation of our desires. Through â€Å"The Adoption Papers† Kay establishes acceptance non merely as an open subject – the particular topic of the adoptive – but besides as a metaphor for individuality in general. In Kay’s work individuality is neer a given ; acceptance opens up the thought that individuality is unsure and in flux. but besides something that does non hold to stay the manner it may of course look. Identity is regarded as a procedure of picks characters make about themselves. normally in reaction to the thoughts and perceptual experiences of others. The treatment of race is of peculiar involvement here. Even as race and racism are shown to hold existent effects. the verse form shows race to be a affair of societal perceptual experience non skin and biological science. Because of the differences in race. the adoptive parents experience there is no ground to conceal the truth of the daughter’s origins. thereby doing household a pick and cultivated creative activity. instead than a given. In one of the more absorbing minutes of the verse form. the girl discusses a posting on her sleeping room wall of Afro-american militant Angela Davis. given to her by her parents. While they are go throughing on their passion for extremist political relations. she is confronted with her first mirror of .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .postImageUrl , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:hover , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:visited , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:active { border:0!important; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:active , .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910 .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc52e6ab8900c76c590c781c4a37f3910:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Scope of Strategic Marketing Essayâ€Å"the merely female individual I’ve seen ( except for a nurse on Television ) who looks like me â€Å" â€Å"The Adoption Papers† defends the thought that individuality is constructed. but it besides presents the daughter’s strong desire â€Å"to cognize my blood† . The multiple voices of â€Å"The Adoption Papers† shows how much a character’s sense of individuality is shaped by the lenses of how others see him or her and how characters may be forged by the positions and thoughts of other people. but in the terminal other people can neer truly acquire to cognize them. She attempts to demo repeatedly in her work that individuality is ever at a hamlets of state. race and gender and that no individual bears the privilege of being more pure than another is. Furthermore. Kay’s characters do non endure from individuality crises for being Black and Scottish or adopted. instead it is the characters troubled by the individualities of others they do non understand that suffer the individuality crises. The instructor has problem understanding that the girl is Scots and when the girl has problem making the Charleston. she says â€Å"I idea you people had it in your blood† . In this sense. Kay normalizes the different while oppugning the sureties of the norm. Jackie Kay’s work offers a singular set of literary tools for contemplating the complexness of individuality. Race. gender. and nationality are markers that help people situate us. but they largely block our ability to pass on and acquire to cognize each other. particularly because of the reductive and simple impressions people have of these markers. Equally much as we may defy. we are still made in the eyes of others. Kay’s work expresses a deep desire to let for more complex images of individuality and a hope that such an apprehension may take to greater credence of difference and to greater Acts of the Apostless of communicating and connexion.

Algebra Tile Lesson Reflection free essay sample

Using concrete and realistic situations, the students were able to understand the concept and were now ready to learn about adding and subtracting integers using algebra tiles. This would eventually allow the students to be able to solve simple equations, with and without the algebra tiles. However, the students were able to learn how to add integers conceptually while using the tiles first. This becomes even more important when the students will be learning more complicated and multiple step equations, as their basic understanding of integers will be built upon with using manipulatives. The concept of adding and subtracting integers can be very difficult to grasp. The use of integer tiles provide a way for students to manipulate and utilize tangible objects that help them understand the potentially confusing procedure of adding and subtracting integers. Before using the tiles however, the students had to understand that the white tiles represented positive numbers, and the red tiles represented negative numbers. Then they were taught how to make pairs using one white and one red tile, which was accomplished during warm-up. Once the students were comfortable making pairs, problems were introduced. The students paired up the tiles and were able to distinguish between the matched up pairs and the remaining ones, therefore determining positive and negative answers. However, with the goals of teaching the addition of negative numbers, it was noticed that the students were not understanding the concept of having all the red tiles to determine a negative answer. The students would need additional practice with the usage of all red tiles while working with negative integers. When they have a full understanding of adding integers, the students would then learn about subtracting integers using tiles as well. However, before they would need to learn the two-stroke method where they must change the subtraction sign into an addition sign and change the sign of the second integer. Then they would proceed to adding the integers using the tiles. Everybody was participating in the lesson and seemed engaged. They were able to follow directions and be rewarded with student store money as the lesson proceeded. There were only a few students that were either off-task by playing with the tiles instead of participating. These students were probably bored due to their prior knowledge of this concept already. There was only one student who did not understanding the concept. He worked one-on-one with me, while the rest of the students created their own problems on the white boards. Other than that, there was an absence of any behavioral issues, which made the lesson go very smoothly. While the students were being assessed with problems on the board, there was not enough time to correct those problems. In the future, the timing of each component of the lesson would be more planned out. Self-Evaluation Working with RSP students for the first time, there were many challenges. The number of students on my caseload did not seem too overwhelming at first, but I found myself being spread out too thin. Between teaching two classes, an Advisory class, providing academic services to my RSP students and writing IEPs, it became an exhausting feat, where I am still trying to find balance. At times, there was a sense of doubt and defeat, and I believed that the needs of my students were not being fully met. Another challenge that I am facing is the fact that a lot of my students are not grouped together in one class. With only half of the students grouped by grade level, the other half is spread out between various teachers. Had the students been more closely grouped, I would be able to service them a lot easier. With the students being spread out across the school matrix, it is also difficult to keep track of their assignments, homework, tests, and quizzes. With many of the students receiving low grades, I am also up against different teachers with different grading styles as well. Although reminding the students about being more responsible with their assignments, I believe that they should not catered to, but instead taught to be self-advocates and fully responsible for their own work. In addition to performing well academically, some of the stronger competencies are evident in presenting effective directed lessons for the students. A powerful lesson is that of which accesses prior knowledge so that the students may make personal connections or become completely engaged from the beginning. When the students are engaged, there is more learning taking place with less behavioral issues as well. The concepts are also presented in a way that is memorable for the students, so that the information is retained. Furthermore, the lesson is then implemented with sufficient independent practice to reinforce the lessons. One area of professional growth would be in the area of enforcing the class rules, procedures, and consequences more clearly throughout the year. Even though I am a traveling teacher, my personal expectations of the students can be defined in any classroom. This can be accomplished with rules and procedures posted on a traveling poster that is carried with me at all times, or if there is a space available somewhere in the borrowed classroom, the rules can be posted. These rules and procedures should then be visited and revisited whenever needed. When this is accomplished, directed lessons should go more smoothly without time being wasted on managing behavior. When behavior management skills are more finely tuned and directed lessons are more creative, I foresee another five years of successful and rewarding teaching experiences in the field of Special Education. Whether I remain as a RSP teacher or go back to being a SDC teacher, my heart is definitely with those students with special needs. I believe that I am in the right career path and can see myself working with the middle school-aged students for a long time. Eventually, with a doctorate degree, I would like to pass on my wealth of knowledge to those beginning teachers at the university level. After all, teachers do best at what they do: teach!

Sample of a Simple Essay About My Loyalty to My Cat

Sample of a Simple Essay About My Loyalty to My CatWhen writing a sample of a simple essay about my loyal pet the cat, I wanted to approach it from the perspective of a pet owner. So I must admit that writing a sample of a simple essay about my loyal pet the cat is pretty much an extension of my regular essay writing.The first thing I need to do when I write a sample of a simple essay about my loyal pet the cat is to actually look at this particular pet. This is probably one of the most important steps. I know the significance of looking at the pet on paper, especially if it is really cute. If the pet is not the type of pet that I would like to have, the pet needs to be given a new home.Next, I need to look at the state of the pet. Now, I don't want to think of this as a Pet Auctions because this particular pet is not the kind of pet that deserves to go to the end of the block. It needs to be given a better life.I also need to make sure that the owner of the pet would consider taking care of the pet for a while. I am sure that I would not feel happy to see my faithful companion being abandoned to its fate.Then, I need to make sure that the pet is safe in its home. It would be nice to know that the pet is secure with its home and with its owner.An essential but often forgotten but crucial aspect is food. Since the pet eats meat, the dog or cat needs to be fed meat and not the processed diet stuff. It should be given plenty of meat so that it can have enough energy to carry on.While we are on the subject of food, I want to mention that even if the pet is not the kind of pet that I would like to have, it might still be a good pet for a child. Since children like pets too, why not try feeding the children some pet food.Finally, the sample of a simple essay about my loyal pet the cat needs to provide some answers to the question 'why'. Why is this particular pet so special to me?

Anorexia and Bulimia essays

Anorexia and Bulimia essays There was this girl at my high school last year that most guys, including myself, found to be very attractive. She was only a freshman, but that is beside the point. At the beginning of the year, and even before the year started when I saw her at an open house or something, I would think to myself Wow! every time she walked by. However, as the school year progressed, I noticed her getting very skinny. Not only that, but her face seemed to become more puffy. I thought this was somewhat strange. It definitely occurred to me that she might have been bulimic, but maybe she just ate right and exercised a lot. Obviously the word got around that she was, in fact, bulimic. This changed my entire opinion of her, as Im sure it did for many other people as well. I no longer found her to be attractive, but actually ugly. That made me wonder why people would ever do that to themselves. There are much better ways for one to improve their looks than resorting to disgusting habits that ar e usually very damaging. Every year there are millions of people that are involved with severe eating disorders. They can actually be life-threatening. Young women comprise most of the entire population affected by eating disorders. One reason for this is because women tend to go on strict diets in order to get themselves the perfect body. Researchers have found that such strict dieting can be the threshold of an eating disorder. The results of eating disorders can be very serious. For example, one out of ten cases of anorexia leads to severe consequences, including death from starvation, cardiac arrest, or maybe even suicide. However, people have increasingly become more aware of how dangerous eating disorders are, so they are more likely to get themselves some help. Although, people still exist who dont think they have a problem and wont get help for themselves. Family and friends can help the sick person recogn...

The Proper Self

The Proper Self Introduction Socialization refers to the social experiences of the day to day life, which make human beings develop and learn culture. Contrary to other species on earth human beings need social experiences in order to learn and develop a culture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Proper Self specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The existence of human beings is not biologically set; hence, every social development calls for socialization. In identifying the self or personality, social experience is needed which is at the core of personality. It essentially puts interest in the person’s patterns of acting which must be consistent with the thinking and the feelings of the said person. The developing of a personality takes others so as to develop. A century before it was wrongly believed that human beings depend on instincts a thing was later disputed by the mere realization that instincts could only work in animal s. Major theories were later advanced to lay a distinction between the developments of people in terms of gender (Macionis Gerber, 2011). Development of personality The development of different cultures in human beings has been said to have a special link with the gender of that person. Boys and girls in their personality development are said to use different standards to qualify what is right or wrong. Boys are said to have a justice perspective whereby the formal rules are strictly used to define what is right or wrong. To the contrary, girls are said to have a care and responsibility approach of what is right or wrong (Macionis Gerber, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The socialization process has a core part called the self. The self is defined as part of an individual composed of the recognition of a self and the image of a self. The self is said to develo p with the social experience of an individual. At birth, the self is not held to exist, and any suggestion in support of the notion that biological effects have a role in the developing of a self are untrue. There is no seeable link between the biological maturation and the development of the self (Macionis Gerber, 2011). The growth of the self A vital part in the development of the self as before mentioned is socialization. The interaction of individuals is the propelling force behind the realization of a self. Without interactions as seen in cases of isolated children, the body grows, but the emerging of the self remains stagnant. Human beings are said to interpret and understand actions and intentions of fellow human beings. The realization of self is grounded on determination to observe the self from another’s point of view. By imagining the role of another, the self emerges (Macionis Gerber, 2011). Effects of music videos on growth of self Having discovered that, the t rue self comes from imitation the socialization of children is worth scrutiny. The main socialization tool in the world today is the media. It becomes imperative to bring the â€Å"Dreamworlds3† under consideration (Sut Jhally, 2008). The very explicit nature of the video in exposing the different aspects that the music videos portray and the damaging image that they have on children and teenagers. As already seen before, the process of discovering self is made up of imitation, and children’s discovery of self may be influenced by such videos.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Proper Self specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The result of such videos is that they will build personalities which tend to objectify a woman and have disastrous notions that the masculine gender is powerful and can get away with anything. Girls will feel endangered by watching, such videos and their socialization aspect of life are greatly influenced negatively (Sut Jhally, 2008). Conclusion The effects of phonographic videos in the media today have greatly influenced the socialization of teenagers in trying to imitate what they see in the videos. It follows that the teenagers personalities will be interfered with and their perception on the opposite gender will be affected. Some will be permissible to certain vices while others will grow feeling endangered. Crimes such as rape can not be ruled out. References Macionis, J. J., Gerber, L. M. (2011). Sociology. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Sut Jhally (2008). Dreamworlds3Desire, Sex Power in Music Video. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDMo5cIJN3AAdvertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Article Analysis - Essay Example Likewise, the author proceeded with the discourse by expounding on accountability in organizations and emphasizing that it starts on the very top of the hierarchy. Building a framework of accountability was disclosed to require knowing one’s people well and encouraging open communication. Finally, Morris cited author and business thought-leader John Spence’s guidelines and principles for accountability in organization where a culture of accountability must be established to maximize the organization’s full potentials. Conclusions: Morris concluded that there is a need to upgrade the potentials of the organization’s human resources to maximize their strengths and facilitate the achievement of organizational goals. Through the enforcement of cultural norms and harnessing the competencies of people, accountability would be improved. As noted, â€Å"just like people, admired organizations are those that keep their promises- promises to customers, suppliers, employees and shareholders† (Morris, 2012, p. 73). Analysis: The article’s strength lies in the manner by which the author effectively structured his line of thinking and relayed the message intended for the audience. By using simple and straightforward language, Morris was able to assist in enhancing the understanding of readers from various backgrounds regarding the topic of accountability. Likewise, he supported his arguments through citing other review of related literatures and from works of people known to have established credibility on the topic being discussed. In addition, his credibility as a coach, mentor and as president and chief executive officer of an organization, assisted in providing viable arguments based on personal and professional experiences. However, one of the weaknesses noted was the failure to clearly list the authoritative references at the end of the discourse to determine their applicability from the date their respective literary works were published. Also,

Statistics Assignment Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assignment - Statistics Project Example But this is violated. So only the unspecified data is not included. Since the Chi square observed value is greater than the expected value with probability of significance 0.000, we reject our null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis and conclude that the location of melanoma sites is dependent on gender. The linear relationship is not significant since the F value in the ANOVA table shows that the probability of significance is 0.441>0.05 and the F value is less than 1. This is the clear evidence to show that the predictive linear relationship between the two variables at 5% significance level is not a predictive linear relationship. More over the t statistic value for the regression coefficient is 0.81 with probability of significance 0.441 which is also another parallel evidence. Since it is one tailed and the average Post BST is significantly higher than the average Pre BST, we observe that there is a highly significant difference (increase) between pre BST and post BST. The post BST shows a significant increase in the mean milk production at 5% level of significance. The Z observed value is 51.5/13.859=3.72., For one tailed test, the critical value of Z at 1% level is 2.33. Since the Z observed value of 3.72 is greater than the Z critical value of 2.33 at 1% level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the control group’s reaction time is significantly lower than the phone group while driving. The less reaction time the better is the

Comparison Of Islamic And Christian Philosophers

Comparison Of Islamic And Christian Philosophers According to the Encarta dictionaries, philosophy can be defined as the branch of knowledge that examines the basic concepts of thoughts and a set of beliefs or aims. Islamic philosophy is a style of philosophy that deals with the study of the framework of Islamic cultures, not necessarily religious issues, while Christian philosophy strictly deals with the theological doctrines of Christianity. However, as time went on there are many Islamic and Christian philosophers who have systematically established their works and have influenced the way people think in the society. Some of the great philosophers to be considered would be Plato, Mohammed Al Farabi, Saint Augustine, Aquinas, Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-Kindi and Ibn Rushd also known as Averroes. Further, I would examine the views, works and areas of study as an attempt to compare both Christian and Islamic philosophers. Plato, Mohammed al Farabi and Ibn Rushd were great renowned world philosophers who lived at one time or the other, and whose many contributions including their thoughts and works specifically with regards to philosophy, politics and science have greatly imparted into Islamic political theory. The impact these Islamic philosophers made during their life-times are still felt even up till today. Plato was an Islamic political thinker that was a well known student of Socrates. Plato established many dialogues and theories such as the Cartesian dualism hypothesis. This theory talks about the mind (soul) and the body. The theory further explains that there are conflicts between the mind and soul because the body is made up of physical appetites which can lead ones soul to committing sin.* However, Plato has greatly influenced many Arabic philosophers such as Mohammed Al Farabi. Mohammed Al Farabi was known to be the second teacher of Islamic philosophy after Aristotle. Al Farabi was one of the most famous, well respected, and successful Arabic philosophers. Also, He made an important contribution in the Islamic society by splitting the study of logic into two categories; Takhayyul (idea) and Thubut (proof). (Islamicity.com). Both Mohammed Al Farabi and Plato came up with philosophical themes. An example of one of these themes is the First theme which is the theory of Knowledge. Mohammed Al Farabi and Plato both stated that Knowledge development is very important in the society and that it was the key to the rise of power in most successful societies. Therefore, knowledge is responsible for the distinct differences between developed countries and the third world countries of the world. This theory of Knowledge is the basis for major societies like the United States of America (U.S.A). Plato and Mohammed Al Farabi made it clear that in every society, social and political changes are naturally observed and an isolated individual is not capable of achieving perfection. Both philosophers believed that anyone who was trying to be an island could have little or no chances of being successful in life. On the other hand, well known Christian philosophers such as Thomas Aquinas and Saint Augustine of the late centuries have also impacted greatly into the world. Both philosophers were good writers and made different dialogues. Thomas Aquinas was born to an aristocratic family and has produced a philosophical and cultural impact on the minds of many in the society today. Thomas Aquinas was a Christian philosopher that elaborated very much on how mankind could understand the truths of the universe through rational thinking. For example following Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas emphasized that humans are rational creatures that are capable of much learning and contemplating God. (Moseley, Page 12). He also contributed to Augustinian Christianity with an Aristotelian logic because he felt the followers of Saint Augustine lacked basic understanding of Christianity.* Meanwhile, Saint Augustine was a philosopher who was born into a Christian family and learnt about Christianity through his mother, after he was enrolled as a catechumen into a catholic church. * Nevertheless, both Saint Augustine and Aquinas came up with different ethical theories. Saint Augustines ethical theory was based on the love of God. He claims that people can be categorized into two: good or evil. According to Saint Augustine the good people are those that love and show appreciation to God while the evil people had no regards for God and his laws. Further, He explained that the good people are those that live in the city of God and the evil people are those that dwell in the city of man.* However, Thomas Aquinas ethical theory was immensely connected to the belief that everything had an end and an individuals action towards the end is initiated by an agent. As stated by Thomas Aquinas all actions must have an end otherwise an action without an end would tend to infinity.* Furthermore, Thomas Aquinas explained that an action should not just have an end but a proper end which seeks a lot of perfection. This perfection can be attained through the guidance of God who is referred to as the only perfect being. Moreover, Thomas Aquinas also discusses on good and evil. He argues that the act of will is not always good, but sometimes evil, indicating that the goodness or badness of a thing is sought in the will of an action. Initially, Christian and Islamic philosophers were very versatile because they expertise in different fields. One of the common areas of study which was associated with both Christian and Islamic philosophers was the study of medicine. For example Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, Ibn sina also known as Avicenna, and Thomas Aquinas were both philosophers who studied medicine at one point in the life time. Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-Kindi was an Islamic philosopher who was born in Kufa at around 800 A.D. He did not just study medicine but was one of the chief contributors to the field, because he was known to be the first to systematically determine the doses to be administered of all the drugs to sick patients at his time. Furthermore, this resolved the conflicting views prevailing among physicians on the dosage that caused difficulties in writing recipes. (trincoll.edu). On the other hand Thomas Aquinas who was a Christian philosopher that also studied medicine and explained that the human body contained innate capacities and non- innate capacities (also referred to as learned capacities). Thomas Aquinas made a related distinction between these two capacities by giving the term potential for the innate capacities and dispositions for the learned capacities. Moreover, Thomas Aquinas distinguished between the innate capacities and the non-innate capacities by giving examples. Take the case of playing a musical instrument such as the flute and the sense of sight. Thomas Aquinas stated that playing of the flute is obviously learned unlike someone that does not acquire the sense of sight by seeing; rather because he has the capacity of sight, he is made actually to see. (Books.google.com.ng). Secondly, Christian and Islamic philosophers share different political views. Take the case of two well known philosophers Plato and Saint Augustine who both had different views of the concepts of politics such as justice and evil. Plato defined justice in a society as the connection and balance of roles occupied by social agents or people in a society. He further explained that justice can only be achieved in a society if there is evil present in that particular society. Moreover, evil according to Plato is anything that is not in accordance with justice. However, Saint Augustine had a different perspective of evil. Saint Augustine related evil with Gods existence by explaining that evil was transgressing against Gods will. He explained that God was the Supreme Being in charge of all creatures and was the only one free of evil. Saint Augustine further elaborated that all human beings are created good but not made perfect, and therefore makes humans liable to committing sin which sometimes fulfills the will of God. Although both philosophers shared different views, Plato and Saint Augustine had it in mind to maintain justice and goodness in the society. Lastly, Christian philosophers accepted the notion of Greek natural philosophy, while the Islamic philosophers did not. Perhaps the reason that Christian philosophers accepted Greek natural philosophy was that Christianity is founded within the ancient Greek and Roman worlds, so the Christian philosophers grew accustomed to Greco Roman culture. Unlike Islam which was founded outside the Greco-Roman world. Take the case of Saint Augustine who converted to Christianity after being influenced by the biography of the life of Saint Anthony. Saint Augustine did not only become a Christian but also was inspired to produce more works such as his most famous of all works which was titled the city of God.* To conclude, it is obvious that over the years some Islamic and Christian philosophers do not necessarily agree to each others dialogues or theories, while some succumb and even supplement the theories made. However, as stated earlier both Islamic and Christian philosophers have contributed greatly to the each other even up until today despite the fact that both Islam and Christianity are two different religions that are based on their particular principles. Bibliography Adler, J. Mortimer. Great Books of the Western World: 16 Augustine. Chicago: 2003. Print. Afnan, Soheil. The Commentary of Avicenna on Aristotles Poetics. The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 2 (1947) 188-190, JSTOR Web. 22 Mar. 2010. Black, Antony. The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present. New York: Routledge Publishing Company, 2001. Print. Ebenstein, Alan. Introduction to Political Thinkers. 2nd ed. Orlando, Florida: Words worth, 2002. Print. Matthews, T. Roy and Dewitt, F. Platt. The Western Humanities, Volume 1: Beginnings Through the Renaissance. New York: Mc Graw- Hill Publishing Company, 2008. Print. Mohammed Al- Farabi. Islamicity.com. . 22Mar. 2010. Moseley, Alexander. A to Z of Philosophy. London, New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2008. Print. Russell, Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy. New York, London: Simon and Schuster publishing company, 1972. Print. Stroumsa, Sarah. Avicennas Philosophical Stories: Aristotles poetics reinterpreted. Arabica. 39. 2 (1992): 183-206, JSTOR Web. 22 Mar. 2010. Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al- Kindi. trincoll.edu. Chris Marvin and Trinity College, n.d. . 22 Mar.2010